If so, the answer is “play at least nine games against FIDE-rated opponents in FIDE-rated tournaments.” There are a number of complications (round-robins, minimum scores, number of games needed for the results to be pooled), but there really isn’t much point in worrying about this until you’re at last an Expert.
In the case of the US, John is correct. You become a member of the USCF and through that you can participate in FIDE events or FIDE rated events.
However if you are in a country that does not have representation to FIDE, then you can become a direct member. It’s in FIDE’s regulations to allow this.
Actually, there are three people from the US who have achieved “Honorary Membership” in FIDE directly. Steve Doyle, along with the late George Koltanowski and Arpad Elo. I believe this requires more than a simple application, though.
Finding a country to live in that is not a member of FIDE may entail some effort. FIDE currently claims 161 nations as members.
With the expansion of the FIDE rating system, and the enthusiasm of some organizers and players to move beyond national ratings and affiliations, perhaps this will change at some point. Sevan, I know that direct membership organizationally is one of your stated goals for NACA - would you say that you expect this and/or direct membership by players to happen any time soon?
It’s possible the FIDE web forum is still accessible, but I believe it is not being actively supported and is not referenced from any links I can find starting from the FIDE home page, which likely means nobody is processing requests for access to it.
To get a FIDE ID number is even easier. All you have to do is play in a FIDE rated tournament/section. The two easiest are the US Amateur Team East and the U.S. Open. Also, most tournaments in Oklahoma are one section and FIDE rated.